Security issiues in VOIP Applications

These packets are reassembled at the destination to generate voice signals. Before any voice can be sent, a call must be placed. In an ordinary phone system, this process involves dialing the digits of the called number, which are then processed by the telephone company’s system to ring the called number. With VOIP, the user must enter the dialed number, which can take the form of a number dialed on a telephone keypad or the selection of a Universal Resource Indicator (URI).The telephone number or URI must be linked with an IP address to reach the called party.   A number of protocols are involved in determining the IP address that corresponds to the called party’s telephone number. This process is shown in fig.1. VOIP is increasingly popular because it is cheaper than traditional phone service and in some cases free. Organizations can run their own VOIP service using products from vendors such as Cisco. For consumers, companies including Packet8 and Vonage offer an actual phone that plugs into a broadband connection, while others including Skype offer software that runs on a PC. Most popular instant messaging applications also have VOIP capabilities.  What are the threats? Some of the security issues that affect VOIP are the same ones that affect any IP network, and some are unique to voice communications. The threats include: A virus or worm can be introduced to the network and crash the VoIP servers/gateways A denial of service attack can overwhelm the network and bring it down A hacker can access the call server to listen in to, record, or disrupt calls A hacker can give himself/herself or others access to services that are supposed to be restricted Hackers can access the trunk gateway to the PSTN and make unauthorized toll calls A hacker who accesses the call server can register "rogue" IP phones, which can then use the company's VoIP services A different but related problem with VoIP is the possibility of receiving SPIT (Spam over IP Telephony).

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