A REVIEW ON TOPICAL OPHTHALMIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Its copolymers with PVP are used both to correct eyesight and hold and deliver drugs. Con­trolled release can be obtained by binding the active ingre­dient via biodegradable covalent linkages39. 14. Niosomes:   Niosomes are reported as successful ophthalmic car viers. Discoidal niosomes dscomes of timolol maleate have been reported to be promising systems for the con­trolled ocular administration of water soluble drugs40. The disc shape provides for a better fit in the cul-de-sac of the eye and then large size may prevent revent their drainage into the systemic pool. 15. Pharmacosomes:   They are the vesicles formed by the amphiphilic drugs. Any drug possessing a free carboxyl group or an active hydrogen atom (-OH, - NH2) can be asterified to the hydroxyl group of a lipid molecule, thus generating an amphiphilic prodrug. These are converted to pharmacosomes on dilution with water. They show greater stability, facilitated transport across the cornea and a con­trolled release profile16. 16. Collagen shields:   They are manufactured from porcine scleral tissue, which bears a collagen composition similar to that of hu­man cornea. They are hydrated before being placed on the eye and the drug is loaded with the collagen shield simply by soaking it in the drug solution. They provide a layer of collagen solution that lubricates the eye. Collagen shields presoaked in tobramycin were used to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected cornea excoriation38. But shield are not fully transparent and thus reduce visual activity. But they are appropriate delivery systems for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs with poor penetration properties.

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